Global Warming Interactive, Global Warming Simulation, Climate Change Simulation. Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are drying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It's becoming clear that humans have caused most of the past century's warming by releasing heat- trapping gases as we power our modern lives. Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher now than in the last 6. We call the result global warming, but it is causing a set of changes to the Earth's climate, or long- term weather patterns, that varies from place to place. The National Geographic Society supports research, conservation. As the Earth spins each day, the new heat swirls with it, picking up moisture over the oceans, rising here, settling there. It's changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely upon. What will we do to slow this warming? How will we cope with the changes we've already set into motion? While we struggle to figure it all out, the face of the Earth as we know it—coasts, forests, farms and snow- capped mountains—hangs in the balance. Greenhouse effect. The . These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse. First, sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where it is absorbed and then radiates back into the atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, “greenhouse” gases trap some of this heat, and the rest escapes into space. The more greenhouse gases are in the atmosphere, the more heat gets trapped. Scientists have known about the greenhouse effect since 1. Joseph Fourier calculated that the Earth would be much colder if it had no atmosphere. This greenhouse effect is what keeps the Earth's climate livable. Without it, the Earth's surface would be an average of about 6. Fahrenheit cooler. In 1. 89. 5, the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius discovered that humans could enhance the greenhouse effect by making carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. He kicked off 1. 00 years of climate research that has given us a sophisticated understanding of global warming. Levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have gone up and down over the Earth's history, but they have been fairly constant for the past few thousand years. Global average temperatures have stayed fairly constant over that time as well, until recently. Through the burning of fossil fuels and other GHG emissions, humans are enhancing the greenhouse effect and warming Earth. Scientists often use the term . This is because as the Earth's average temperature climbs, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some areas, warm others, and change the amount of rain and snow falling. As a result, the climate changes differently in different areas. Aren't temperature changes natural? The average global temperature and concentrations of carbon dioxide (one of the major greenhouse gases) have fluctuated on a cycle of hundreds of thousands of years as the Earth's position relative to the sun has varied. As a result, ice ages have come and gone. However, for thousands of years now, emissions of GHGs to the atmosphere have been balanced out by GHGs that are naturally absorbed. This stability has allowed human civilization to develop within a consistent climate. Occasionally, other factors briefly influence global temperatures. Other cycles, such as El Ni. Changes this large have historically taken thousands of years, but are now happening over the course of decades. Why is this a concern? The rapid rise in greenhouse gases is a problem because it is changing the climate faster than some living things may be able to adapt. Also, a new and more unpredictable climate poses unique challenges to all life. Historically, Earth's climate has regularly shifted back and forth between temperatures like those we see today and temperatures cold enough that large sheets of ice covered much of North America and Europe. The difference between average global temperatures today and during those ice ages is only about 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit), and these swings happen slowly, over hundreds of thousands of years. Now, with concentrations of greenhouse gases rising, Earth's remaining ice sheets (such as Greenland and Antarctica) are starting to melt too. The extra water could potentially raise sea levels significantly. As the mercury rises, the climate can change in unexpected ways. In addition to sea levels rising, weather can become more extreme. This means more intense major storms, more rain followed by longer and drier droughts (a challenge for growing crops), changes in the ranges in which plants and animals can live, and loss of water supplies that have historically come from glaciers. Scientists are already seeing some of these changes occurring more quickly than they had expected. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, eleven of the twelve hottest years since thermometer readings became available occurred between 1. Ally every scientific discipline, from basic biology to black. 7 The 100 Most Influential Scientists of All Time 7 12.Sunday Sep 18 6/5c Drain the Titanic. Advanced technologies reveal spectacular 3D images of the final resting place of the. Watch your favorite National Geographic Channel shows the day after. Golden Age of Muslim civilization — from the seventh to the 17th centuries — with a new exhibition opening at the National Geographic. National Geographic Museum Celebrates Scientific. What are the most important scientific discoveries of all time? Watch Greatest Discoveries on Science to see the most amazing science developments. When Berardelli leaned forward and asked Caruso how he had achieved his remarkable longevity, the. Chad Mirkin is Featured in National Geographic’s . Chad Mirkin’s research was recently featured in National Geographic’s special issue This list of Indian inventions and discoveries details the inventions, scientific discoveries and contributions of ancient and modern India.
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